What is syllogism?
The Syllogism is a kind of logical argument which applies to come to the conclusion based on premises.
Premises made of two terms
- A subject
- A predicate
Types of Premises
- All P are Q (universal Positive)
- Some P are Q (Particular Positive)
- No P are Q (Universal negative)
- Some P are not Q (Particular negative)
TRICKS TO SOLVE SYLLOGISM
First Premise | + | Second premise | = | Conclusion |
---|---|---|---|---|
All | + | All | = | All |
All | + | Some | = | No conclusion |
All | + | No | = | No |
Some | + | All | = | Some |
Some | + | Some | = | No conclusion |
Some | + | No | = | Some Not |
No | + | All | = | Some Not (reversed) |
No | + | Some | = | Some Not (reversed) |
No | + | No | = | No conclusion |
Some Not | + | All | = | No conclusion |
Some Not | + | some | = | No conclusion |
Some Not | + | No | = | No conclusion |
Let’s look at some example to understand
Example 1
All Dogs are Monkey
All Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: All + All = AllAll Dog are Donkey
Example 2
All Dogs are MonkeySome Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: All + Some = No conclusionExample 3
All Dogs are MonkeyNo Monkeys are Donkey
Conclusion: All + No = NoNo Dogs are Donkey
Example 4
Some Dogs are MonkeyAll Monkeys are Donkey
Conclusion: Some+ All = SomeSome Dog are Donkey
Example 5
Some Dogs are MonkeySome Monkeys are Donkey
Conclusion: Some + Some = No ConclusionNo Dog are Donkey
Example 6
Some Dogs are MonkeyNo Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: Some + No = Some NotSome Dogs are not Donkey
Example 7
No Dog are MonkeyNo Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: No + No = No conclusionExample 8
NO Dog is MonkeySome Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: No + Some = Some not (reversed)Some Donkey are not dog
Example 9
NO Dog is MonkeyAll Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: No + All = some not (reversed)Some donkey are not dog
Example 10
Some Dog are not monkey
All Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: Some Not + All = No ConclusionExample 11
Some Dog are not monkey
Some Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: Some Not + Some = No ConclusionExample 12
Some Dog are not monkeyNo Monkey are Donkey
Conclusion: Some Not + No = No Conclusion
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