Reasoning: New Pattern of Syllogism Questions

 Today we are sharing Syllogism questions based on latest SBI PO pattern. In the following questions, a conclusion is given followed by statements. You have to decide from which statement the given conclusion can be drawn.

Question 1

Conclusion: Some pens are sharpener; No eraser is a pen.
Statement 1: Some pens are erasers. All erasers are sharpeners.
Statement 2: No pen is an eraser, some erasers are sharpeners.

Statement 3: Some sharpeners are erasers. All pens are erasers.
Statement 4: All sharpeners are pen. No pen is an eraser.

Statement 5: Some sharpeners are definitely erasers. No pen is a sharpener.

Mark your answer as
A. Only Statement 1 follows
B. Only Statement 2 follows
C. Only Statement 3 follows
D. Only Statement 4 follows
E. Only Statement 5 follows

Solution 

You should have complete knowledge of the basics of syllogisms and Venn diagrams in order to understand the new pattern. In these questions, the statement should satisfy both the conditions given in the conclusion.

Conclusion: 

Some pens are sharpeners. (condition 1) 

No eraser is a pen. (Condition 2)

Statement 1: 

Some pens are erasers. All erasers are sharpeners.
                 ↓

Not satisfying condition 2 (No eraser is a pen).
There is no need to make Venn diagram as we can directly check that condition 2 is not satisfied.

Statement 2: 

No pen is an eraser, some erasers are sharpeners.

No relation is given between pen and sharpener. So, we cannot conclude some pens are sharpener (condition 1).

Statement 3:

 Some sharpeners are erasers. All pens are erasers.

                                                            ↓

                                  Not satisfying condition 2(No eraser is a pen).

 Statement 4: 

All sharpeners are pen. No pen is an eraser.

 

We can conclude that some pens are sharpener (condition 1) and no eraser is a pen (Condition 2). Thus, statement 4 is the correct option.

Statement 5: 

Some sharpeners are definitely erasers. No pen is a sharpener.

                                                                      ↓

                                           Not satisfying condition 1(Some pens are sharpeners)

Thus, the answer is D (Only Statement 4 follows) 

Question 2

Conclusion: Some flowers are leaves; some roots are leaves.
Statement 1: Some roots are leaves. Some roots are flowers.
Statement 2: No flower is a root. All roots are leaves.
Statement 3: All flowers are roots. All leaves are roots.
Statement 4: No root is a flower. Some flowers are leaves.
Statement 5: All leaves are roots. All roots are flowers.

Mark your answer as
A. Only Statement 1 follows
B. Only Statement 2 follows
C. Only Statement 3 follows
D. Only Statement 4 follows
E. Only Statement 5 follows

Solution

Conclusion: 

Some flowers are leaves. (Condition 1)
Some roots are leaves. (Condition 2)

Statement 1: 

Some roots are leaves. Some roots are flowers.

No relation is given in flowers and leaves. So some flowers are leaves (Condition 1) cannot be concluded

Statement 2:
No flower is a root. All roots are leaves.

Again, no relation is given in flowers and leaves. So, some flowers are leaves (Condition 1) cannot be concluded.

Statement 3: 

All flowers are roots. All leaves are roots.

No relation is given in flowers and leaves. So some flowers are leaves (Condition 1) cannot be concluded.

Statement 4: 

No root is a flower. Some flowers are leaves.

No relation between roots and leaves is given. So, we cannot conclude some roots are leaves (Condition 2).

Statement 5: 
All leaves are roots. All roots are flowers.
We can conclude from the diagram that some flowers are leaves (Condition 1) and some roots are leaves (Condition 2).
Therefore, statement 5 is the correct option.

Question 3

Conclusion: Some fans are definitely switches; all switches are tubes.
Statement 1: No switch is a tube. All switches are fans.
Statement 2: Some switches are tubes. Some tubes are fans.
Statement 3: All switches are fans. All fans are tubes.
Statement 4: All tubes are switches. No tube is a fan.
Statement 5: All tubes are switches. Some fans are definitely tubes.

Mark your answer as
A. Only Statement 1 follows
B. Only Statement 2 follows
C. Only Statement 3 follows
D. Only Statement 4 follows
E. Only Statement 5 follows

Solution

 Conclusion: 

Some fans are definitely switches. (Condition 1)
All switches are tubes. (Condition 2)

Statement 1: 
No switch is a tube. All switches are fans.
                       ↓

Not satisfying all switches are tubes (Condition 2)

Statement 2: 
Some switches are tubes. Some tubes are fans

No relation is given in switches and fans. So, we cannot conclude that some fans are definitely switches (Condition 1).

Statement 3:
All switches are fans. All fans are tubes.

We cannot conclude from the above diagram that some fans are definitely switches (Condition 1)

Statement 5:
All tubes are switches. Some fans are definitely tubes.

All switches are tubes (Condition 2) cannot be concluded.