Statements & Assumptions –Examples with Explanation

 This is the one of the very important topics that is frequently asked in competitive exams. Theory on Statements & Assumptions has been published on 07-Feb-2017.It is better to have a good basics on this topic. Assuming that the readers have gone through the theory, here we will discuss some examples.

You have to consider the statement & the following assumptions & decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

1) If only assumption I is implicit.
2) If only assumption II is implicit.
3) If either assumption I or II is implicit.
4) If neither assumption I nor II is implicit.
5) If both the assumptions I & II are implicit.

Examples With Explanation

Example 1) 

Statement:-

The police in India have to cope with tremendous stress & strain while having to maintain security & order.

Assumptions:-

I. In other countries, the police will not be having stress & strain while doing their duty.
II. The police are anticipated to do their duties without stress or strain.

Explanation:-

Assumption I is not implicit because, the statement is based only on what happens in India.
Assumption II is implicit because of the concern shown in the statement.
Hence, only assumption II is implicit.

Example2) 

Statement:-

“Tenders are invited from reputed contractors for pre-qualification.”-The tender notice of a public sector company.

Assumptions:-

I. The company seeks to do quality business.
II. The company expects contractual & competitive rates for its work.

Explanation:-

Assumption I is implicit because, the word ‘reputed contractors’ suggests that, the company wants to do quality business.
Assumption II is implicit because, it is a universal assumption as the principal reason of inviting tenders.
Hence, option (5), both I & II is implicit.

Example3) 

Statement:-

The state government ‘C’ is committed to restrict smoke levels on the roads of the metropolis as per the desired parameters.

Assumptions:-

I. It is possible to determine the smoke levels.
II. A committed government can carry forward welfare measures for its people.

Explanation:-

The government has promised to bring down the smoke level because it is possible to determine the level. Hence, I is implicit. Assumption II is implicit because eliminating pollution is also a welfare measure.
Hence, Both Assumption I & II are implicit.

Example4) 

Statements:-

It has been felt that at a time when the airline faces tough competition & is passing through critical economic conditions, the remaining higher posts should be opened for outside professionals instead of filling them up with insider applicants.

Assumptions:-

I. The internal applicants only aspire for promotion without contributing much to the organisation.
II. It is most likely that problems of the airline would be solved by experienced professionals.

Explanation:-

The intention of internal applicants can’t be assumed from the given statement. Assumption II is implicit, that is why they want to recruit outside professionals.
Hence, Only Assumption II is implicit.

Example5) 

Statements:-

Highly brilliant & industrious students do not always excel in the written examination.

Assumptions:-

I. The written examination is good mainly for mediocre students.
II. The brilliant & industrious students cannot always write good answer in the exam.

Explanation:-

What we are being told about brilliant students does not have anything to do with mediocre students. Hence Assumption I is not implicit. But Assumption II is implicit. This must be the reason why the brilliant students do not always excel.
Hence, Assumption II is implicit.